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1.1. cox AND R. WENDELKEN'.

CARBURETORQ,

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 3, I919.

Patented May 2 a sums-sum I 8mm: UM/1.1601" 1.]. COX AND R. WE NDELKEN.

CARBUBETOR. APPLICATION FILED nuns. 1919.

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Patented May'Z, 1922'.

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.9 if). /0 78 T 78 J. COX AND R. WENDELKEN. CARBU RET OR. APPLICATION FILED JAN. 3. I919.

' Patented May 2, 1922.

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Uurrse stares PATENT @FFICE.

JOHN J. COX AND RICHARD WENDELKEN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNORS To JULIUS WINTER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

GARBURETOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 2, 1922.

Application filed January 3, 1919. Serial No. 269,437.

T 0 all whom it may concern Be it known that we, (1) JOHN J. Cox and (2) RICHARD VENDELKEN, citizens of the United States, residing at (1) New York, in the county of New York, New York, in the county of Bronx, and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Carburetors, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to carburetors for internal combustion engines, and more particularly to carburetors of the general type shown and described in the application for Letters Patent filed by Richard W'endelken August 12, 1918, Serial No. 2 l9,534, a carburetor of this type comprising a body composed of a small number of connected parts of such simple configuration that they may be readily formed of suitable material by means of dies, and said carburetor compris ing capillary elements for delivering the liquid hydrocarbon from the reservoir to the air to form the combustible mixture, said elements cooperating with a fuel feeding member in such a manner thatthe quantity of hydrocarbon supplied is controlled by the extent of opening of said valve.

The invention has for its objects to provide a carburetor body of improved and. simplified form; to provide a novel combined valve and fuel supply mechanism capable of performing its intended function in an efficient manner, and which may be readily and conveniently adjusted in accordance with the requirements; and to provide a new and improved capillary element for use in carburetors of this character, said capillary element being of durable construction and capable of withstanding the wear to which it is subjected in use, and being reliable in its operation and of delicate adjustability.

The foregoing and other objects of the in vention. together with means whereby the same may be carried into effect, will best be understood from the following description of certain forms or embodiments thereof illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

It will be understood, however, that the par- 7 ticular constructions described and shown have been chosen for illustrative purposes, merely, and that the invention. as defined by the claims hereunto appended, may be otherwise practiced without departing from the spirit and scope thereof.

In said drawings:

Fig. 1 i a vertical section, taken substantially on the line 1-1, Figs. 2 and 4:, of a carburetor constructed in accordance with the invention.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary view of the mechanism associated with one of the capillary elements.

Fig. 3 is-a similar view showing another form of capillary element.

Figs. a, 5, and 6 are respectively a vertical section, plan and end elevational views, respectively, showing a modified construction.

Fig. '7 is a side elevation, partly broken away, of the upper part of the carburetor shown in Fig. 4:.

Fig. 8 is a detail view of the capillary element shown in Fig. 2.

Fig. 9 is a detail longitudinal section, and F ig'. 10 is a detail side elevation, of the capillary element shown in Fig. 3.

Fig. 11 is a detail fragmentary plan view and Fig. 12 is a detail fragmentary vertical sectional view showing the carburetor equipped with a modified form of capillary element.

Fig. 13 is a detail elevation and Fig. 14 is a bottom plan of the capillary element shown in Figs. 10 and 11.

Fig. 15 is a detail sectional view and Fig. 16 is a detail plan view to a somewhat enlarged scale of the fuel feeding member which carries the aforesaid modified capillary element.

Fig. 17 is a detail elevation and Fig. 18 is a detail plan view of. a further modified construction of the capillary element.

Referring to Fig. 1, the body of the carburetor comprises a main or lower section 20 and a superimposed top section 21, said sections being secured together by means of belts or screws 22 which pass through apertured ears or lugs 23 formed on the two sections. The lower section 20 comprises a fuel reservoir 24, the upper section 21 is provided with an air inlet 25, while the two sections are formed at their adjacent faces with complementary concavities collectively constituting a horizontally disposed combined air passage and mixing chamber 26. The fuel reservoir 2% is provided with the usual drain cock 27 and is supplied with fuel through a suitable inlet pipe 28, the liquid level in said reservoir being controlled by a vah'e 2 9 operated by a float 30. The

float valve may be of any suitable construction, but as herein shown is of the type more fully described in the prior application above referred to. The passage 26 communicates at one end with the air inlet 25, while its opposite end constitutes an outlet 31 adapted to communicate with the engine manifold, said outlet being provided with a vertically disposed coupling flange 32 comprising complementary portions formed on the body sections 520 and 2 IQSPGCtlVGlY. The fuel reservoir or float chamber 24 is separated from the passage 26 by a plate 33 seated at the upper edge of said reservoiror chamber and retained in position by means of rods 34 carried by said plate, their upper ends-engaging thetop section 21.

It will be observed that each of the body sections is of-relatively simple shape, having no closed recesses or overhangingv portions tending to interfere with its formation by means of dies, which need not. be at all complicated. The complete body may accord-V ingly be readily produced by the die process, and may, therefore, conveniently be composed of plastic material, or, preferably, of any one'of that class of condensation products or compositions which are caused to solidify, from a powder. in any desired shape, under the pressure of heated forming dies, and variously known in the arts as V bakelite, condensite. etc. Certain of these substances, particularly bakelite, have been found to possess marked and special advantages for use in the manufacture of carburetors. When formed of such a material, the various attaching portions of the body sectionsmay have embedded therein suitable bushings, thimbles, or the like, 35.

The top body section 21 is provided with avertical groove or channel 36 communicating with the passage 26 and in which is guided, for movement in a'direction transverse to the passage 26, a reciprocatinofuel feeding member 37. The fuel feeding member 37 is normally held. in its lowermost or closed position, as shown. in dotted lines in Fig. 1, by means of capillary elements or members (hereinafter more fully described), generically indicated by the numeral 38. cured at their upper ends to a flange 89 extending laterally from the bottom of said fuel feeding member, said members passing downwardly.through openings in the plate 33 and carrying at their lower ends disks 40 between which and the plate 33 are inter posed springs 41. The fuel feeding ll'lQ-nlbtl 37 may be raised to any desired extent against the tension of the springs ll by meansof a flexible cord or wire 42 (preferably a twistedor braided wire cord) secured atitslower end to said fuel feeding member, passing upwardl'ythrough a suitablyfdisposed'opening in the top body sectitan- 21, alludesicured at'its upper end to an operating drum or segment 43 having an operating lever 4e and pivoted to an angular bracket 45 secured, as by screws 16, to the topbody section. The capillary elements 38 may be of any suitable number, three be ing shown in Fig. 3.

interposed bet-ween the air inlet 25 and the fuel feeding member 37 is an air valve 47 comprising a flat plate provided with trunnions 48 which are received in mating sockets or recesses formed in the adjacent edges of the body sections 20 and 21. The valve l7'is normally held in the vertical position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1, to close the passage 26, by means of a spring pressed plunger 49 which engages a lip 50 on said valve; The plunger l9 is slidably mounted in a sleeve or tube 51, retained in suitably disposed openings in the body section 21, and is pressed against the valve lip 50 by a spring 52 interposed between the head of said plunger and an adjusting screw 54in the outer end of said tube. The adjusting screw 54: is provided with an operating head 55, and may be yieldingly retained in adjusted position by means of a plunger 56 having a conical or pointed head cooperating with a series of suitably disposed recesses in the head 55, said plunger 56 being slidably mounted in a bushing or.

tube 57 supported in the body. section 20, and being pressed into engagement with said head by a spring 58.

For the lower range of running speeds, theair valve 47 is opened, to a greater or less extent, by the air pressure in the passage 26 induced by the suction of the engine. Throughout the higher range of speeds, however, said valve 47 is positively operated by and in correlation with the fuel feeding member 37. To this end the fuel feeding member 37 is provided with. one or more (herein two) rearwardly extending arms orfingers 59 adapted, as said fuel feeding member 37 is raised, to engage the edge of the partially open valve 47 and fully open the same, as shown in full lines in Fig. 1. It will be observed that, at low running speed, the air valve is out of the path of movement of the fingers 59.

In priming, it is necessary to hold the air valve 47 closed against the suction of the engine in order that a. charge rich in fuel may be drawn into the engine cylinders. To this end there is provided a locking lever 60 pivoted 'to :1 lug or car (31 formed on the body section 21, said lever having fingcr 62 adapted to pass through a suitably disposed opening in the body section 20 and occupy a position in advance of the valve 457, when the latter is closed, and prevent the same from opening. The lever 60 is nor-- mally held with'its linger 62in inoperative position out of the pathofmoveinent ofthe valve 4L7.

It is a common fault in carburetors, especially when operated on lean mixtures to cause stalling of the engine when the throttle is suddenly opened, due in part to the sudden relief of vacuum in the engine cylinders which causes a falling off in the velocity of the air past the fuel feeding element. This decreases the pro-portion of fuel constituent picked up by the air, impoverishing the mixture to a point at which the engine will not operate. To obviate this defect the outlet 31 for combustible mixture is provided with a disk valve 64 provided with trunnions 65 mounted in sockets or recesses in the body sections in the same manner as the trunnions 48 of the air valve 47. The outlet valve 64 is also positively operated by and in correlation with the fuel feeding member 37, and to this end is provided with an arm 66 connected by a link 67 with an extension 68 on the flange 39 of said fuel valve.

The rate of opening of the passage uncovered by said outlet valve will follow more or less closely the sine curve and will lag behind the rateof presentation of the fuel feeding elements which are cont-rolled by the reciprocating fuel feeding member. This enables the mixture to be enriched ahead of the relief of the vacuum in the engine cylinders.

In order to provide for an additional air supply when the valve 47 is fully open and the quantity of air drawn through the passage 26 from the inlet 25 is insufficient, there is provided an auxiliary air valve 69 located in a chamber 70 in the top body section immediately below the bracket 45. The chamber 7 0 communicates with the passage 26 through a port 71 and with the external atmosphere through ports 72 in the base of the bracket The valve 69 is held normally seated, to close communication between the ports 72 and 71, by means of a spring 73 interposed between said valve and the base of said bracket, and is provided with a stem 7% which extends downwardly into the path of movement of the flange 39 of the fuel feeding member 37. hen said fuel feeding member approaches the limit of its opening movement, the stem 74 is engaged by the flange 39, the valve 69 is unseated, and an additional supply of air is allowed to enter the passage 26, beyond the fuel valve, through the ports 72, chamber 70, and port 71.

In apparatus of this general character as usually constructed it has heretofore been customary to employ, for the capillary elements, absorbent members in the form of wicks or the like composed of textile or similar material. An important object of the present invention is to provide an improved form of capillary element or member for use in carbureters of this type, which element or member will be strong and durable so as not to be subject to breakage or excessive wearunder the conditions of use, and which will, at the same time, perform its intended function of supplying an accurately graduated quantity of fuel in a reliable and efiicient manner. To these ends the invention contemplates the provision of a capillary member which may be composed be upset or flanged to retain the washer 40,

as shown in Fig. 3, and with a threaded upper end 78 to engage the flange 39 of the feeding member 37 or a washer 79 superimposed thereon. Adjacent its upper end the tube 76 is provided with a series of graduated openings 80, said openings being.

of progressively increasing diameter from the upper to the lower end of the series,

whereby as said tube is raised by the fuel feeding member 37, as above explained, openings of successively greater size will be exposed above the plate 33 to supply a progressively increasing quantity of fuel. The openings in the plate 33 through which the capillary members pass are preferably provided with downwardly depending flanges, the flange 81 shown in Fig. 5 loosely surrounding the member in order to avoid discharging the liquid fuel carried thereby, but the flange 82 shown in Fig. 3 engaging the tube 76 (which carries the fuel entirely in its interior bore) with a close sliding fit, thereby closing communication between the fuel reservoir 24 and the passage 26, and covering such of the openings as are below the top of the plate 33.

In addition to the springs 41, acting through the capillary members to depress the fuel feeding member 37 there may be provided springs housed in tubular casings 96 carried by the top body section 21, said springs engaging at their upper ends the closed outer end of said casings and at their lower ends the upper edge of the fuel feeding member 37 adjacent the ends The carburetor shown in l substantially slnular to $1.. lto t as to its essential :i'eati tail. ever the combined air pat: ige and r i chamber 83 is formed principally in the lower body section 84, while the upper body section 85 forms a closure for the top of said passage or chamber and is n'ovi with an air inlet 25, as in the con first described, and with an upm h directed outlet 86 provided with a horizontally disposed attaching flange 8?. the outlet valve 88 being correspondingly disposed in said outlet. Also in this construction the auxiliary air valve 89 is located in a casing 98 carried bythe top body section 85, and controls a'port or passage 91 lo: ling to the outlet '86, said'valve having itStBlD 92which is engaged by the main air valve it? when the latter is fully opened to open said valve 89. The valve 89 is normally held to its seat bya spring 93 interposed. between said valve and the cover 94: oi? the casing 90 said cover having perforations through which atmospheric air enters said casing.

Fignres 11 to 16 illustrate a modification of the construction of the capillary element according to which the said element is in the form of a rigid bar being connected to the fuel feeding member 3'? similarly to the capillary element 76 of Figures 9 and 10 and is provided with a plurality of capillary grooves 96 extending from its lower end and having their upper ends at different elevations. It is manifest that in this construction as the bar is raised the upper ends of the grooves 96 will be exposed in the passage 26 in progressively increasing number. \Vith this modified form of capillary element, it is preferred to provide the plate 33 with relatively long guide sleeves 82* through which said element projects.

Figures 17 and 118 illustrate a further modification in the construction of the capillary element. In this modi.tication the capillary element has the same features as l the form shown in Figure 1 but in addition has a central bore which extends from its lower end and terminates at a point well above the upper termination of the longest duct 96, the said borc coinznuuicating at its upper end with. a transverse discharge duct 97 and serving to supply hydrocarbon fuel. for low speed running when the fuel feeding n'ieniberBT in its lowermost position. ltis to be noted that if desired the parts may be arranged whereby the fuel feeding member in its lowermost position as shown in Figure 12 will still leave a relatively small area of communication between the'inlet 25 and the discharge opening 31 and that the hydrocarbon fuel for low speed running will be discharged into said area of communication, whether the capillary element be of the form shown in Figure 1'? or of the form shown in preceding figures.

lVhat is claimed isl. A carburetor for internal. combustion engines comprising a fuel chamber. a mixing chamber, a valve for controlling the admission of air to the mixing chamber, a reciprocating fuel feeding member in said mixing chamber, a butterfly outlet velve for controlling the flow of combustible mixture to the engine, a plurality of capillary members connected to and movable with said fuel feeding member and extending into said fuel chamber, the area of which members exposed in saidmixing chamber varies in accordance with the position of said fuel feeding member, connect-ions between said fuel feeding member and butterfly outlet valve and co-acting parts on said fuel feeding member and air valve whereby said butterfly outlet valve and air valve may be operated by the fuel. valve.

2. in a carburetor the combination with a mixing chamber of a reciprocating fuel feeding member therein and a butterfly outvalve for said chamber operated by said fuel feeding member.

8. Qt carburetor comprising a fuel chamber. an air inlet passage, a mixing chamber, a reciprocating fuel feeding member therein, a. butterfly'outletvalve for said mixing rbaI-nbcr, means connected with said fuel ic ding member for operating said butterfly outlet valve and one or more capillary niemberscarried by said. fuel feeding member extending into said fuel chamber.

In testimony whereof we have hereunto set our hand in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN J. COX. RICH RI) WEN DELKE NI W' ituesses:

JOHN Kuouosir, CHAS. Du SUSSACSEVIZ. 

